Full text data of LXN
LXN
[Confidence: medium (present in either hRBCD or BSc_CH or PM22954596)]
Latexin (Endogenous carboxypeptidase inhibitor; ECI; Protein MUM; Tissue carboxypeptidase inhibitor; TCI)
Note: presumably soluble (membrane word is not in UniProt keywords or features)
Latexin (Endogenous carboxypeptidase inhibitor; ECI; Protein MUM; Tissue carboxypeptidase inhibitor; TCI)
Note: presumably soluble (membrane word is not in UniProt keywords or features)
hRBCD
IPI00106687
IPI00106687 Latexin Endogenous carboxypeptidase inhibitor, Hardly reversible, non-competitive, and potent inhibitor of CPA1, CPA2 and CPA4 soluble n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a cytoplasmic n/a found at its expected molecular weight found at molecular weight
IPI00106687 Latexin Endogenous carboxypeptidase inhibitor, Hardly reversible, non-competitive, and potent inhibitor of CPA1, CPA2 and CPA4 soluble n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a cytoplasmic n/a found at its expected molecular weight found at molecular weight
UniProt
Q9BS40
ID LXN_HUMAN Reviewed; 222 AA.
AC Q9BS40; Q96PN2; Q9NQS6;
DT 05-JUL-2004, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
read moreDT 01-MAY-2007, sequence version 2.
DT 22-JAN-2014, entry version 97.
DE RecName: Full=Latexin;
DE AltName: Full=Endogenous carboxypeptidase inhibitor;
DE Short=ECI;
DE AltName: Full=Protein MUM;
DE AltName: Full=Tissue carboxypeptidase inhibitor;
DE Short=TCI;
GN Name=LXN;
OS Homo sapiens (Human).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
OC Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
OC Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
OX NCBI_TaxID=9606;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA], VARIANT ARG-53, AND TISSUE
RP SPECIFICITY.
RC TISSUE=Fetal brain;
RX PubMed=11455960; DOI=10.1023/A:1010971219806;
RA Liu Q., Yu L., Gao J., Fu Q., Zhang J., Zhang P., Chen J., Zhao S.;
RT "Cloning, tissue expression pattern and genomic organization of
RT latexin, a human homologue of rat carboxypeptidase A inhibitor.";
RL Mol. Biol. Rep. 27:241-246(2000).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RA Ke Y., Ning T., Lu Z., Guo M., Zhao H.;
RT "1G10 and gastric cancer.";
RL Submitted (JUN-2000) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=16641997; DOI=10.1038/nature04728;
RA Muzny D.M., Scherer S.E., Kaul R., Wang J., Yu J., Sudbrak R.,
RA Buhay C.J., Chen R., Cree A., Ding Y., Dugan-Rocha S., Gill R.,
RA Gunaratne P., Harris R.A., Hawes A.C., Hernandez J., Hodgson A.V.,
RA Hume J., Jackson A., Khan Z.M., Kovar-Smith C., Lewis L.R.,
RA Lozado R.J., Metzker M.L., Milosavljevic A., Miner G.R., Morgan M.B.,
RA Nazareth L.V., Scott G., Sodergren E., Song X.-Z., Steffen D., Wei S.,
RA Wheeler D.A., Wright M.W., Worley K.C., Yuan Y., Zhang Z., Adams C.Q.,
RA Ansari-Lari M.A., Ayele M., Brown M.J., Chen G., Chen Z.,
RA Clendenning J., Clerc-Blankenburg K.P., Chen R., Chen Z., Davis C.,
RA Delgado O., Dinh H.H., Dong W., Draper H., Ernst S., Fu G.,
RA Gonzalez-Garay M.L., Garcia D.K., Gillett W., Gu J., Hao B.,
RA Haugen E., Havlak P., He X., Hennig S., Hu S., Huang W., Jackson L.R.,
RA Jacob L.S., Kelly S.H., Kube M., Levy R., Li Z., Liu B., Liu J.,
RA Liu W., Lu J., Maheshwari M., Nguyen B.-V., Okwuonu G.O., Palmeiri A.,
RA Pasternak S., Perez L.M., Phelps K.A., Plopper F.J., Qiang B.,
RA Raymond C., Rodriguez R., Saenphimmachak C., Santibanez J., Shen H.,
RA Shen Y., Subramanian S., Tabor P.E., Verduzco D., Waldron L., Wang J.,
RA Wang J., Wang Q., Williams G.A., Wong G.K.-S., Yao Z., Zhang J.,
RA Zhang X., Zhao G., Zhou J., Zhou Y., Nelson D., Lehrach H.,
RA Reinhardt R., Naylor S.L., Yang H., Olson M., Weinstock G.,
RA Gibbs R.A.;
RT "The DNA sequence, annotation and analysis of human chromosome 3.";
RL Nature 440:1194-1198(2006).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC TISSUE=Skin, and Urinary bladder;
RX PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504;
RG The MGC Project Team;
RT "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA
RT project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
RL Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
RN [5]
RP ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT LYS-55, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY.
RX PubMed=19413330; DOI=10.1021/ac9004309;
RA Gauci S., Helbig A.O., Slijper M., Krijgsveld J., Heck A.J.,
RA Mohammed S.;
RT "Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in
RT a refined SCX-based approach.";
RL Anal. Chem. 81:4493-4501(2009).
RN [6]
RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS].
RX PubMed=21269460; DOI=10.1186/1752-0509-5-17;
RA Burkard T.R., Planyavsky M., Kaupe I., Breitwieser F.P.,
RA Buerckstuemmer T., Bennett K.L., Superti-Furga G., Colinge J.;
RT "Initial characterization of the human central proteome.";
RL BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17-17(2011).
RN [7]
RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.6 ANGSTROMS) IN COMPLEX WITH CPA4, AND
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=15738388; DOI=10.1073/pnas.0500678102;
RA Pallares I., Bonet R., Garcia-Castellanos R., Ventura S., Aviles F.X.,
RA Vendrell J., Gomis-Rueth F.-X.;
RT "Structure of human carboxypeptidase A4 with its endogenous protein
RT inhibitor, latexin.";
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102:3978-3983(2005).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Hardly reversible, non-competitive, and potent inhibitor
CC of CPA1, CPA2 and CPA4. May play a role in inflammation.
CC -!- INTERACTION:
CC Q14011:CIRBP; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-1044504, EBI-538850;
CC Q5TB80:KIAA1009; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-1044504, EBI-1059012;
CC O15479:MAGEB2; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-1044504, EBI-1057615;
CC Q9BZ23:PANK2; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-1044504, EBI-1058434;
CC P35813:PPM1A; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-1044504, EBI-989143;
CC Q9Y2W1:THRAP3; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-1044504, EBI-352039;
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm (Probable).
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Highly expressed in heart, prostate, ovary,
CC kidney, pancreas, and colon, moderate or low in other tissues
CC including brain.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protease inhibitor I47 (latexin)
CC family.
CC -----------------------------------------------------------------------
CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see http://www.uniprot.org/terms
CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License
CC -----------------------------------------------------------------------
DR EMBL; AF087851; AAP97162.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AF282626; AAF82807.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AF303587; AAL09331.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF282594; AAK69518.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AC025033; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AC080013; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; BC005346; AAH05346.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; BC008438; AAH08438.1; -; mRNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_064554.3; NM_020169.3.
DR UniGene; Hs.478067; -.
DR PDB; 2BO9; X-ray; 1.60 A; B/D=1-222.
DR PDBsum; 2BO9; -.
DR ProteinModelPortal; Q9BS40; -.
DR SMR; Q9BS40; 1-217.
DR STRING; 9606.ENSP00000264265; -.
DR MEROPS; I47.001; -.
DR PhosphoSite; Q9BS40; -.
DR DMDM; 146345452; -.
DR PaxDb; Q9BS40; -.
DR PRIDE; Q9BS40; -.
DR DNASU; 56925; -.
DR Ensembl; ENST00000264265; ENSP00000264265; ENSG00000079257.
DR GeneID; 56925; -.
DR KEGG; hsa:56925; -.
DR UCSC; uc003fch.3; human.
DR CTD; 56925; -.
DR GeneCards; GC03M158366; -.
DR HGNC; HGNC:13347; LXN.
DR HPA; CAB025128; -.
DR HPA; HPA014179; -.
DR MIM; 609305; gene.
DR neXtProt; NX_Q9BS40; -.
DR PharmGKB; PA134991999; -.
DR eggNOG; NOG42412; -.
DR HOGENOM; HOG000113410; -.
DR HOVERGEN; HBG052373; -.
DR InParanoid; Q9BS40; -.
DR OMA; IIQKQVT; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q9BS40; -.
DR EvolutionaryTrace; Q9BS40; -.
DR GenomeRNAi; 56925; -.
DR NextBio; 62440; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q9BS40; -.
DR Bgee; Q9BS40; -.
DR CleanEx; HS_LXN; -.
DR Genevestigator; Q9BS40; -.
DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0008201; F:heparin binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0008191; F:metalloendopeptidase inhibitor activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0050965; P:detection of temperature stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0006954; P:inflammatory response; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR InterPro; IPR009684; Prot_inh_latexin.
DR Pfam; PF06907; Latexin; 1.
DR PIRSF; PIRSF011132; Prot_inh_latexin; 1.
DR ProDom; PD023134; Prot_inh_latexin; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW 3D-structure; Acetylation; Complete proteome; Cytoplasm;
KW Heparin-binding; Inflammatory response; Metalloenzyme inhibitor;
KW Metalloprotease inhibitor; Polymorphism; Protease inhibitor;
KW Reference proteome; Repeat.
FT CHAIN 1 222 Latexin.
FT /FTId=PRO_0000191343.
FT REGION 1 97 Cystatin-like fold 1 (By similarity).
FT REGION 98 117 Alpha-helical linker (By similarity).
FT REGION 118 222 Cystatin-like fold 2 (By similarity).
FT MOD_RES 55 55 N6-acetyllysine.
FT VARIANT 53 53 H -> R (in dbSNP:rs8455).
FT /FTId=VAR_019117.
FT VARIANT 134 134 T -> M (in dbSNP:rs59718588).
FT /FTId=VAR_062139.
FT HELIX 8 25
FT STRAND 32 45
FT TURN 46 48
FT STRAND 49 60
FT TURN 61 63
FT STRAND 67 77
FT STRAND 86 93
FT HELIX 100 112
FT STRAND 118 123
FT HELIX 131 151
FT STRAND 158 169
FT STRAND 172 174
FT STRAND 176 186
FT TURN 187 189
FT STRAND 192 202
FT TURN 203 205
FT STRAND 206 214
SQ SEQUENCE 222 AA; 25750 MW; 7D557BEDA0E1F60C CRC64;
MEIPPTNYPA SRAALVAQNY INYQQGTPHR VFEVQKVKQA SMEDIPGRGH KYHLKFAVEE
IIQKQVKVNC TAEVLYPSTG QETAPEVNFT FEGETGKNPD EEDNTFYQRL KSMKEPLEAQ
NIPDNFGNVS PEMTLVLHLA WVACGYIIWQ NSTEDTWYKM VKIQTVKQVQ RNDDFIELDY
TILLHNIASQ EIIPWQMQVL WHPQYGTKVK HNSRLPKEVQ LE
//
ID LXN_HUMAN Reviewed; 222 AA.
AC Q9BS40; Q96PN2; Q9NQS6;
DT 05-JUL-2004, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
read moreDT 01-MAY-2007, sequence version 2.
DT 22-JAN-2014, entry version 97.
DE RecName: Full=Latexin;
DE AltName: Full=Endogenous carboxypeptidase inhibitor;
DE Short=ECI;
DE AltName: Full=Protein MUM;
DE AltName: Full=Tissue carboxypeptidase inhibitor;
DE Short=TCI;
GN Name=LXN;
OS Homo sapiens (Human).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
OC Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
OC Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
OX NCBI_TaxID=9606;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA], VARIANT ARG-53, AND TISSUE
RP SPECIFICITY.
RC TISSUE=Fetal brain;
RX PubMed=11455960; DOI=10.1023/A:1010971219806;
RA Liu Q., Yu L., Gao J., Fu Q., Zhang J., Zhang P., Chen J., Zhao S.;
RT "Cloning, tissue expression pattern and genomic organization of
RT latexin, a human homologue of rat carboxypeptidase A inhibitor.";
RL Mol. Biol. Rep. 27:241-246(2000).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RA Ke Y., Ning T., Lu Z., Guo M., Zhao H.;
RT "1G10 and gastric cancer.";
RL Submitted (JUN-2000) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=16641997; DOI=10.1038/nature04728;
RA Muzny D.M., Scherer S.E., Kaul R., Wang J., Yu J., Sudbrak R.,
RA Buhay C.J., Chen R., Cree A., Ding Y., Dugan-Rocha S., Gill R.,
RA Gunaratne P., Harris R.A., Hawes A.C., Hernandez J., Hodgson A.V.,
RA Hume J., Jackson A., Khan Z.M., Kovar-Smith C., Lewis L.R.,
RA Lozado R.J., Metzker M.L., Milosavljevic A., Miner G.R., Morgan M.B.,
RA Nazareth L.V., Scott G., Sodergren E., Song X.-Z., Steffen D., Wei S.,
RA Wheeler D.A., Wright M.W., Worley K.C., Yuan Y., Zhang Z., Adams C.Q.,
RA Ansari-Lari M.A., Ayele M., Brown M.J., Chen G., Chen Z.,
RA Clendenning J., Clerc-Blankenburg K.P., Chen R., Chen Z., Davis C.,
RA Delgado O., Dinh H.H., Dong W., Draper H., Ernst S., Fu G.,
RA Gonzalez-Garay M.L., Garcia D.K., Gillett W., Gu J., Hao B.,
RA Haugen E., Havlak P., He X., Hennig S., Hu S., Huang W., Jackson L.R.,
RA Jacob L.S., Kelly S.H., Kube M., Levy R., Li Z., Liu B., Liu J.,
RA Liu W., Lu J., Maheshwari M., Nguyen B.-V., Okwuonu G.O., Palmeiri A.,
RA Pasternak S., Perez L.M., Phelps K.A., Plopper F.J., Qiang B.,
RA Raymond C., Rodriguez R., Saenphimmachak C., Santibanez J., Shen H.,
RA Shen Y., Subramanian S., Tabor P.E., Verduzco D., Waldron L., Wang J.,
RA Wang J., Wang Q., Williams G.A., Wong G.K.-S., Yao Z., Zhang J.,
RA Zhang X., Zhao G., Zhou J., Zhou Y., Nelson D., Lehrach H.,
RA Reinhardt R., Naylor S.L., Yang H., Olson M., Weinstock G.,
RA Gibbs R.A.;
RT "The DNA sequence, annotation and analysis of human chromosome 3.";
RL Nature 440:1194-1198(2006).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC TISSUE=Skin, and Urinary bladder;
RX PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504;
RG The MGC Project Team;
RT "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA
RT project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
RL Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
RN [5]
RP ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT LYS-55, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY.
RX PubMed=19413330; DOI=10.1021/ac9004309;
RA Gauci S., Helbig A.O., Slijper M., Krijgsveld J., Heck A.J.,
RA Mohammed S.;
RT "Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in
RT a refined SCX-based approach.";
RL Anal. Chem. 81:4493-4501(2009).
RN [6]
RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS].
RX PubMed=21269460; DOI=10.1186/1752-0509-5-17;
RA Burkard T.R., Planyavsky M., Kaupe I., Breitwieser F.P.,
RA Buerckstuemmer T., Bennett K.L., Superti-Furga G., Colinge J.;
RT "Initial characterization of the human central proteome.";
RL BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17-17(2011).
RN [7]
RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.6 ANGSTROMS) IN COMPLEX WITH CPA4, AND
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=15738388; DOI=10.1073/pnas.0500678102;
RA Pallares I., Bonet R., Garcia-Castellanos R., Ventura S., Aviles F.X.,
RA Vendrell J., Gomis-Rueth F.-X.;
RT "Structure of human carboxypeptidase A4 with its endogenous protein
RT inhibitor, latexin.";
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102:3978-3983(2005).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Hardly reversible, non-competitive, and potent inhibitor
CC of CPA1, CPA2 and CPA4. May play a role in inflammation.
CC -!- INTERACTION:
CC Q14011:CIRBP; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-1044504, EBI-538850;
CC Q5TB80:KIAA1009; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-1044504, EBI-1059012;
CC O15479:MAGEB2; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-1044504, EBI-1057615;
CC Q9BZ23:PANK2; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-1044504, EBI-1058434;
CC P35813:PPM1A; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-1044504, EBI-989143;
CC Q9Y2W1:THRAP3; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-1044504, EBI-352039;
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm (Probable).
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Highly expressed in heart, prostate, ovary,
CC kidney, pancreas, and colon, moderate or low in other tissues
CC including brain.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protease inhibitor I47 (latexin)
CC family.
CC -----------------------------------------------------------------------
CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see http://www.uniprot.org/terms
CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License
CC -----------------------------------------------------------------------
DR EMBL; AF087851; AAP97162.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AF282626; AAF82807.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AF303587; AAL09331.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF282594; AAK69518.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AC025033; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AC080013; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; BC005346; AAH05346.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; BC008438; AAH08438.1; -; mRNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_064554.3; NM_020169.3.
DR UniGene; Hs.478067; -.
DR PDB; 2BO9; X-ray; 1.60 A; B/D=1-222.
DR PDBsum; 2BO9; -.
DR ProteinModelPortal; Q9BS40; -.
DR SMR; Q9BS40; 1-217.
DR STRING; 9606.ENSP00000264265; -.
DR MEROPS; I47.001; -.
DR PhosphoSite; Q9BS40; -.
DR DMDM; 146345452; -.
DR PaxDb; Q9BS40; -.
DR PRIDE; Q9BS40; -.
DR DNASU; 56925; -.
DR Ensembl; ENST00000264265; ENSP00000264265; ENSG00000079257.
DR GeneID; 56925; -.
DR KEGG; hsa:56925; -.
DR UCSC; uc003fch.3; human.
DR CTD; 56925; -.
DR GeneCards; GC03M158366; -.
DR HGNC; HGNC:13347; LXN.
DR HPA; CAB025128; -.
DR HPA; HPA014179; -.
DR MIM; 609305; gene.
DR neXtProt; NX_Q9BS40; -.
DR PharmGKB; PA134991999; -.
DR eggNOG; NOG42412; -.
DR HOGENOM; HOG000113410; -.
DR HOVERGEN; HBG052373; -.
DR InParanoid; Q9BS40; -.
DR OMA; IIQKQVT; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q9BS40; -.
DR EvolutionaryTrace; Q9BS40; -.
DR GenomeRNAi; 56925; -.
DR NextBio; 62440; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q9BS40; -.
DR Bgee; Q9BS40; -.
DR CleanEx; HS_LXN; -.
DR Genevestigator; Q9BS40; -.
DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0008201; F:heparin binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0008191; F:metalloendopeptidase inhibitor activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0050965; P:detection of temperature stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0006954; P:inflammatory response; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR InterPro; IPR009684; Prot_inh_latexin.
DR Pfam; PF06907; Latexin; 1.
DR PIRSF; PIRSF011132; Prot_inh_latexin; 1.
DR ProDom; PD023134; Prot_inh_latexin; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW 3D-structure; Acetylation; Complete proteome; Cytoplasm;
KW Heparin-binding; Inflammatory response; Metalloenzyme inhibitor;
KW Metalloprotease inhibitor; Polymorphism; Protease inhibitor;
KW Reference proteome; Repeat.
FT CHAIN 1 222 Latexin.
FT /FTId=PRO_0000191343.
FT REGION 1 97 Cystatin-like fold 1 (By similarity).
FT REGION 98 117 Alpha-helical linker (By similarity).
FT REGION 118 222 Cystatin-like fold 2 (By similarity).
FT MOD_RES 55 55 N6-acetyllysine.
FT VARIANT 53 53 H -> R (in dbSNP:rs8455).
FT /FTId=VAR_019117.
FT VARIANT 134 134 T -> M (in dbSNP:rs59718588).
FT /FTId=VAR_062139.
FT HELIX 8 25
FT STRAND 32 45
FT TURN 46 48
FT STRAND 49 60
FT TURN 61 63
FT STRAND 67 77
FT STRAND 86 93
FT HELIX 100 112
FT STRAND 118 123
FT HELIX 131 151
FT STRAND 158 169
FT STRAND 172 174
FT STRAND 176 186
FT TURN 187 189
FT STRAND 192 202
FT TURN 203 205
FT STRAND 206 214
SQ SEQUENCE 222 AA; 25750 MW; 7D557BEDA0E1F60C CRC64;
MEIPPTNYPA SRAALVAQNY INYQQGTPHR VFEVQKVKQA SMEDIPGRGH KYHLKFAVEE
IIQKQVKVNC TAEVLYPSTG QETAPEVNFT FEGETGKNPD EEDNTFYQRL KSMKEPLEAQ
NIPDNFGNVS PEMTLVLHLA WVACGYIIWQ NSTEDTWYKM VKIQTVKQVQ RNDDFIELDY
TILLHNIASQ EIIPWQMQVL WHPQYGTKVK HNSRLPKEVQ LE
//
MIM
609305
*RECORD*
*FIELD* NO
609305
*FIELD* TI
*609305 LATEXIN; LXN
;;ENDOGENOUS CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; ECI;;
TISSUE CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; TCI
read more*FIELD* TX
DESCRIPTION
Latexin is a specific inhibitor of zinc-dependent
metallocarboxypeptidases (Pallares et al., 2005).
CLONING
Normant et al. (1995) cloned rat brain Lxn, which they called Tci.
Northern blot analysis of several rat tissues and specific brain regions
detected widespread expression of a single transcript, with highest
levels in brain, lung, and digestive tract.
Pallares et al. (2005) cloned LXN from human brain cDNA libraries. The
deduced 222-amino acid protein is an elongated molecule with N- and
C-terminal domains that each consist of an alpha helix enveloped by a
curved beta sheet. The 2 domains are separated by a connecting segment.
GENE FUNCTION
Normant et al. (1995) showed that purified recombinant rat Lxn
completely inhibited rat pancreatic Cpa1 (114850) and Cpa2 (600688). Lxn
was less potent against other mammalian carboxypeptidases, and it did
not inhibit other metallopeptidases or serine proteases.
Pallares et al. (2005) found that recombinant human LXN inhibited the
mature active form of CPA4 (607635) in a noncompetitive manner. It also
showed low specificity, inhibiting several metallocarboxypeptidases
containing a characteristic alpha/beta hydrolase fold. The inhibition
constant was within the nanomolar range for these substrates. LXN did
not inhibit enzymes of other carboxypeptidase classes.
BIOCHEMICAL FEATURES
Pallares et al. (2005) described the structure of CPA4 in complex with
its endogenous inhibitor, LXN. CPA4 is a compact protein hollowed out in
a funnel-like shape, with the active site at the bottom of the funnel.
In the CPA4/LXN complex, CPA4 is bound at the top of the funnel by the
interface of the N- and C-terminal subdomains of LXN. The complex
occludes a large contact surface but makes few contacts.
MAPPING
The International Radiation Hybrid Mapping Consortium mapped the LXN
gene to chromosome 3 (TMAP RH102943).
ANIMAL MODEL
Natural variation in the size of endogenous stem cell populations is
important for homeostatic tissue regeneration, stem cell
transplantation, aging, and, potentially, organismal longevity. As
reviewed by Liang et al. (2007), several groups have demonstrated the
extensive variation in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) number between
strains of laboratory mice. Liang et al. (2007) investigated the genetic
determinants underlying variation between HSC numbers in C57BL/6 (B6)
and DBA/2 (D2) strains. D2 mice, when young, have at least 3 times as
many HSCs as B6. In reciprocal chromosome 3 congenic mice, introgressed
D2 alleles increased HSC numbers owing to enhanced proliferation and
self-renewal and reduced apoptosis, whereas B6 alleles had the opposite
effects. Using oligonucleotide arrays, real-time PCR, and protein
blocks, Liang et al. (2007) identified latexin (Lxn), a gene whose
differential transcription and expression was associated with the
allelic differences. Expression was inversely correlated with the number
of HSCs; ectopic expression of Lxn using a retroviral vector decreased
stem cell population size. They identified clusters of SNPs upstream of
the Lxn transcriptional start site, at least 2 of which are associated
with potential binding sites with transcription factors regulating stem
cells. Thus, promoter polymorphisms representing difference between the
B6 and D2 alleles may affect Lxn gene expression and consequently
influence the population size of hematopoietic stem cells.
*FIELD* RF
1. Liang, Y.; Jansen, M.; Aronow, B.; Geiger, H.; Van Zant, G.: The
quantitative trait gene latexin influences the size of the hematopoietic
stem cell population in mice. Nature Genet. 39: 178-188, 2007.
2. Normant, E.; Martres, M.-P.; Schwartz, J.-C.; Gros, C.: Purification,
cDNA cloning, functional expression, and characterization of a 26-kDa
endogenous mammalian carboxypeptidase inhibitor. Proc. Nat. Acad.
Sci. 92: 12225-12229, 1995.
3. Pallares, I.; Bonet, R.; Garcia-Castellanos, R.; Ventura, S.; Aviles,
F. X.; Vendrell, J.; Gomis-Ruth, F. X.: Structure of human carboxypeptidase
A4 with its endogenous protein inhibitor, latexin. Proc. Nat. Acad.
Sci. 102: 3978-3983, 2005.
*FIELD* CN
Victor A. McKusick - updated: 2/23/2007
*FIELD* CD
Patricia A. Hartz: 4/7/2005
*FIELD* ED
alopez: 03/06/2007
terry: 2/23/2007
mgross: 4/7/2005
*RECORD*
*FIELD* NO
609305
*FIELD* TI
*609305 LATEXIN; LXN
;;ENDOGENOUS CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; ECI;;
TISSUE CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; TCI
read more*FIELD* TX
DESCRIPTION
Latexin is a specific inhibitor of zinc-dependent
metallocarboxypeptidases (Pallares et al., 2005).
CLONING
Normant et al. (1995) cloned rat brain Lxn, which they called Tci.
Northern blot analysis of several rat tissues and specific brain regions
detected widespread expression of a single transcript, with highest
levels in brain, lung, and digestive tract.
Pallares et al. (2005) cloned LXN from human brain cDNA libraries. The
deduced 222-amino acid protein is an elongated molecule with N- and
C-terminal domains that each consist of an alpha helix enveloped by a
curved beta sheet. The 2 domains are separated by a connecting segment.
GENE FUNCTION
Normant et al. (1995) showed that purified recombinant rat Lxn
completely inhibited rat pancreatic Cpa1 (114850) and Cpa2 (600688). Lxn
was less potent against other mammalian carboxypeptidases, and it did
not inhibit other metallopeptidases or serine proteases.
Pallares et al. (2005) found that recombinant human LXN inhibited the
mature active form of CPA4 (607635) in a noncompetitive manner. It also
showed low specificity, inhibiting several metallocarboxypeptidases
containing a characteristic alpha/beta hydrolase fold. The inhibition
constant was within the nanomolar range for these substrates. LXN did
not inhibit enzymes of other carboxypeptidase classes.
BIOCHEMICAL FEATURES
Pallares et al. (2005) described the structure of CPA4 in complex with
its endogenous inhibitor, LXN. CPA4 is a compact protein hollowed out in
a funnel-like shape, with the active site at the bottom of the funnel.
In the CPA4/LXN complex, CPA4 is bound at the top of the funnel by the
interface of the N- and C-terminal subdomains of LXN. The complex
occludes a large contact surface but makes few contacts.
MAPPING
The International Radiation Hybrid Mapping Consortium mapped the LXN
gene to chromosome 3 (TMAP RH102943).
ANIMAL MODEL
Natural variation in the size of endogenous stem cell populations is
important for homeostatic tissue regeneration, stem cell
transplantation, aging, and, potentially, organismal longevity. As
reviewed by Liang et al. (2007), several groups have demonstrated the
extensive variation in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) number between
strains of laboratory mice. Liang et al. (2007) investigated the genetic
determinants underlying variation between HSC numbers in C57BL/6 (B6)
and DBA/2 (D2) strains. D2 mice, when young, have at least 3 times as
many HSCs as B6. In reciprocal chromosome 3 congenic mice, introgressed
D2 alleles increased HSC numbers owing to enhanced proliferation and
self-renewal and reduced apoptosis, whereas B6 alleles had the opposite
effects. Using oligonucleotide arrays, real-time PCR, and protein
blocks, Liang et al. (2007) identified latexin (Lxn), a gene whose
differential transcription and expression was associated with the
allelic differences. Expression was inversely correlated with the number
of HSCs; ectopic expression of Lxn using a retroviral vector decreased
stem cell population size. They identified clusters of SNPs upstream of
the Lxn transcriptional start site, at least 2 of which are associated
with potential binding sites with transcription factors regulating stem
cells. Thus, promoter polymorphisms representing difference between the
B6 and D2 alleles may affect Lxn gene expression and consequently
influence the population size of hematopoietic stem cells.
*FIELD* RF
1. Liang, Y.; Jansen, M.; Aronow, B.; Geiger, H.; Van Zant, G.: The
quantitative trait gene latexin influences the size of the hematopoietic
stem cell population in mice. Nature Genet. 39: 178-188, 2007.
2. Normant, E.; Martres, M.-P.; Schwartz, J.-C.; Gros, C.: Purification,
cDNA cloning, functional expression, and characterization of a 26-kDa
endogenous mammalian carboxypeptidase inhibitor. Proc. Nat. Acad.
Sci. 92: 12225-12229, 1995.
3. Pallares, I.; Bonet, R.; Garcia-Castellanos, R.; Ventura, S.; Aviles,
F. X.; Vendrell, J.; Gomis-Ruth, F. X.: Structure of human carboxypeptidase
A4 with its endogenous protein inhibitor, latexin. Proc. Nat. Acad.
Sci. 102: 3978-3983, 2005.
*FIELD* CN
Victor A. McKusick - updated: 2/23/2007
*FIELD* CD
Patricia A. Hartz: 4/7/2005
*FIELD* ED
alopez: 03/06/2007
terry: 2/23/2007
mgross: 4/7/2005