FOLH1_HUMAN

Source: PM19886704
Marked as 'Integral membrane protein'
Confidence: low (only semi-automatic identification from reviews) Search PubMed for
(RBC AND this entry)
Gene names: FOLH1 , FOLH, NAALAD1, PSM, PSMA , GIG27
Protein names and data: FOLH1_HUMAN , Glutamate carboxypeptidase 2; 3.4.17.21 , Cell growth-inhibiting gene 27 protein; Folate hydrolase 1; Folylpoly-gamma-glutamate carboxypeptidase; FGCP; Glutamate carboxypeptidase II; GCPII; Membrane glutamate carboxypeptidase; mGCP; N-acetylated-alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase I; NAALADase I; Prostate-specific membrane antigen; PSM; PSMA; Pteroylpoly-gamma-glutamate carboxypeptidase Lenght: 750 a.a.
Mass: 84331 Da
fasta formatted sequence
Function: Has both folate hydrolase and N-acetylated-alpha-linked- acidic dipeptidase (NAALADase) activity. Has a preference for tri- alpha-glutamate peptides. In the intestine, required for the uptake of folate. In the brain, modulates excitatory neurotransmission through the hydrolysis of the neuropeptide, N- aceylaspartylglutamate (NAAG), thereby releasing glutamate. Isoform PSM-4 and isoform PSM-5 would appear to be physiologically irrelevant. Involved in prostate tumor progression. Also exhibits a dipeptidyl-peptidase IV type activity. In vitro, cleaves Gly-Pro-AMC.
Catalytic activity: Release of an unsubstituted, C-terminal glutamyl residue, typically from Ac-Asp-Glu or folylpoly-gamma- glutamates.
Cellular location: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. Isoform PSMA': Cytoplasm.
Tissue specificity: Highly expressed in prostate epithelium. Detected in urinary bladder, kidney, testis, ovary, fallopian tube, breast, adrenal gland, liver, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon and brain (at protein level). Detected in the small intestine, brain, kidney, liver, spleen, colon, trachea, spinal cord and the capillary endothelium of a variety of tumors. Expressed specifically in jejunum brush border membranes. In the brain, highly expressed in the ventral striatum and brain stem. Also expressed in fetal liver and kidney. Isoform PSMA' is the most abundant form in normal prostate. Isoform PSMA-1 is the most abundant form in primary prostate tumors. Isoform PSMA-2 is also found in normal prostate as well as in brain and liver. Isoform PSMA-9 is specifically expressed in prostate cancer.

Genetic variants

Genetic variation in FOLH1 may be associated with low folate levels and consequent hyperhomocysteinemia. This condition can result in increased risk of cardiovascular disease, neural tube defects, and cognitive deficits.

Database cross-references

UniProt: Q04609
Ensembl: ENST00000256999
Ensembl: ENST00000340334
Ensembl: ENST00000343844
Ensembl: ENST00000356696
Ensembl: ENST00000533034
MIM: 600934
neXtProt: NX_Q04609
Antibodypedia: Q04609 (may not find the protein thus also not any antibody)
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