Full text data of HIST2H2AB
HIST2H2AB
[Confidence: medium (present in either hRBCD or BSc_CH or PM22954596)]
Histone H2A type 2-B
Note: presumably soluble (membrane word is not in UniProt keywords or features)
Histone H2A type 2-B
Note: presumably soluble (membrane word is not in UniProt keywords or features)
UniProt
Q8IUE6
ID H2A2B_HUMAN Reviewed; 130 AA.
AC Q8IUE6;
DT 07-MAR-2006, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
read moreDT 23-JAN-2007, sequence version 3.
DT 22-JAN-2014, entry version 97.
DE RecName: Full=Histone H2A type 2-B;
GN Name=HIST2H2AB;
OS Homo sapiens (Human).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
OC Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
OC Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
OX NCBI_TaxID=9606;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=12408966; DOI=10.1016/S0888-7543(02)96850-3;
RA Marzluff W.F., Gongidi P., Woods K.R., Jin J., Maltais L.J.;
RT "The human and mouse replication-dependent histone genes.";
RL Genomics 80:487-498(2002).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=16710414; DOI=10.1038/nature04727;
RA Gregory S.G., Barlow K.F., McLay K.E., Kaul R., Swarbreck D.,
RA Dunham A., Scott C.E., Howe K.L., Woodfine K., Spencer C.C.A.,
RA Jones M.C., Gillson C., Searle S., Zhou Y., Kokocinski F.,
RA McDonald L., Evans R., Phillips K., Atkinson A., Cooper R., Jones C.,
RA Hall R.E., Andrews T.D., Lloyd C., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P.,
RA Ambrose K.D., Anderson F., Andrew R.W., Ashwell R.I.S., Aubin K.,
RA Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J., Beasley H., Bethel G.,
RA Bird C.P., Bray-Allen S., Brown J.Y., Brown A.J., Buckley D.,
RA Burton J., Bye J., Carder C., Chapman J.C., Clark S.Y., Clarke G.,
RA Clee C., Cobley V., Collier R.E., Corby N., Coville G.J., Davies J.,
RA Deadman R., Dunn M., Earthrowl M., Ellington A.G., Errington H.,
RA Frankish A., Frankland J., French L., Garner P., Garnett J., Gay L.,
RA Ghori M.R.J., Gibson R., Gilby L.M., Gillett W., Glithero R.J.,
RA Grafham D.V., Griffiths C., Griffiths-Jones S., Grocock R.,
RA Hammond S., Harrison E.S.I., Hart E., Haugen E., Heath P.D.,
RA Holmes S., Holt K., Howden P.J., Hunt A.R., Hunt S.E., Hunter G.,
RA Isherwood J., James R., Johnson C., Johnson D., Joy A., Kay M.,
RA Kershaw J.K., Kibukawa M., Kimberley A.M., King A., Knights A.J.,
RA Lad H., Laird G., Lawlor S., Leongamornlert D.A., Lloyd D.M.,
RA Loveland J., Lovell J., Lush M.J., Lyne R., Martin S.,
RA Mashreghi-Mohammadi M., Matthews L., Matthews N.S.W., McLaren S.,
RA Milne S., Mistry S., Moore M.J.F., Nickerson T., O'Dell C.N.,
RA Oliver K., Palmeiri A., Palmer S.A., Parker A., Patel D., Pearce A.V.,
RA Peck A.I., Pelan S., Phelps K., Phillimore B.J., Plumb R., Rajan J.,
RA Raymond C., Rouse G., Saenphimmachak C., Sehra H.K., Sheridan E.,
RA Shownkeen R., Sims S., Skuce C.D., Smith M., Steward C.,
RA Subramanian S., Sycamore N., Tracey A., Tromans A., Van Helmond Z.,
RA Wall M., Wallis J.M., White S., Whitehead S.L., Wilkinson J.E.,
RA Willey D.L., Williams H., Wilming L., Wray P.W., Wu Z., Coulson A.,
RA Vaudin M., Sulston J.E., Durbin R.M., Hubbard T., Wooster R.,
RA Dunham I., Carter N.P., McVean G., Ross M.T., Harrow J., Olson M.V.,
RA Beck S., Rogers J., Bentley D.R.;
RT "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.";
RL Nature 441:315-321(2006).
RN [3]
RP PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-121.
RX PubMed=15078818; DOI=10.1101/gad.1184604;
RA Aihara H., Nakagawa T., Yasui K., Ohta T., Hirose S., Dhomae N.,
RA Takio K., Kaneko M., Takeshima Y., Muramatsu M., Ito T.;
RT "Nucleosomal histone kinase-1 phosphorylates H2A Thr 119 during
RT mitosis in the early Drosophila embryo.";
RL Genes Dev. 18:877-888(2004).
RN [4]
RP PHOSPHORYLATION AT SER-2, AND MUTAGENESIS OF SER-2.
RX PubMed=15010469; DOI=10.1074/jbc.M400099200;
RA Zhang Y., Griffin K., Mondal N., Parvin J.D.;
RT "Phosphorylation of histone H2A inhibits transcription on chromatin
RT templates.";
RL J. Biol. Chem. 279:21866-21872(2004).
RN [5]
RP UBIQUITINATION AT LYS-120.
RX PubMed=15386022; DOI=10.1038/nature02985;
RA Wang H., Wang L., Erdjument-Bromage H., Vidal M., Tempst P.,
RA Jones R.S., Zhang Y.;
RT "Role of histone H2A ubiquitination in Polycomb silencing.";
RL Nature 431:873-878(2004).
RN [6]
RP ACETYLATION AT SER-2, CITRULLINATION AT ARG-4, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY.
RX PubMed=15823041; DOI=10.1021/bi047505c;
RA Hagiwara T., Hidaka Y., Yamada M.;
RT "Deimination of histone H2A and H4 at arginine 3 in HL-60
RT granulocytes.";
RL Biochemistry 44:5827-5834(2005).
RN [7]
RP UBIQUITINATION AT LYS-120.
RX PubMed=16359901; DOI=10.1016/j.molcel.2005.12.002;
RA Cao R., Tsukada Y., Zhang Y.;
RT "Role of Bmi-1 and Ring1A in H2A ubiquitylation and Hox gene
RT silencing.";
RL Mol. Cell 20:845-854(2005).
RN [8]
RP UBIQUITINATION AT LYS-120.
RX PubMed=16702407; DOI=10.1101/gad.373706;
RA Bergink S., Salomons F.A., Hoogstraten D., Groothuis T.A.M.,
RA de Waard H., Wu J., Yuan L., Citterio E., Houtsmuller A.B.,
RA Neefjes J., Hoeijmakers J.H.J., Vermeulen W., Dantuma N.P.;
RT "DNA damage triggers nucleotide excision repair-dependent
RT monoubiquitylation of histone H2A.";
RL Genes Dev. 20:1343-1352(2006).
RN [9]
RP UBIQUITINATION.
RX PubMed=18001824; DOI=10.1016/j.cell.2007.09.040;
RA Mailand N., Bekker-Jensen S., Faustrup H., Melander F., Bartek J.,
RA Lukas C., Lukas J.;
RT "RNF8 ubiquitylates histones at DNA double-strand breaks and promotes
RT assembly of repair proteins.";
RL Cell 131:887-900(2007).
RN [10]
RP UBIQUITINATION.
RX PubMed=18001825; DOI=10.1016/j.cell.2007.09.041;
RA Huen M.S.Y., Grant R., Manke I., Minn K., Yu X., Yaffe M.B., Chen J.;
RT "RNF8 transduces the DNA-damage signal via histone ubiquitylation and
RT checkpoint protein assembly.";
RL Cell 131:901-914(2007).
RN [11]
RP UBIQUITINATION.
RX PubMed=19203578; DOI=10.1016/j.cell.2008.12.042;
RA Stewart G.S., Panier S., Townsend K., Al-Hakim A.K., Kolas N.K.,
RA Miller E.S., Nakada S., Ylanko J., Olivarius S., Mendez M.,
RA Oldreive C., Wildenhain J., Tagliaferro A., Pelletier L.,
RA Taubenheim N., Durandy A., Byrd P.J., Stankovic T., Taylor A.M.R.,
RA Durocher D.;
RT "The RIDDLE syndrome protein mediates a ubiquitin-dependent signaling
RT cascade at sites of DNA damage.";
RL Cell 136:420-434(2009).
RN [12]
RP UBIQUITINATION.
RX PubMed=19203579; DOI=10.1016/j.cell.2008.12.041;
RA Doil C., Mailand N., Bekker-Jensen S., Menard P., Larsen D.H.,
RA Pepperkok R., Ellenberg J., Panier S., Durocher D., Bartek J.,
RA Lukas J., Lukas C.;
RT "RNF168 binds and amplifies ubiquitin conjugates on damaged
RT chromosomes to allow accumulation of repair proteins.";
RL Cell 136:435-446(2009).
RN [13]
RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS].
RX PubMed=21269460; DOI=10.1186/1752-0509-5-17;
RA Burkard T.R., Planyavsky M., Kaupe I., Breitwieser F.P.,
RA Buerckstuemmer T., Bennett K.L., Superti-Furga G., Colinge J.;
RT "Initial characterization of the human central proteome.";
RL BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17-17(2011).
RN [14]
RP UBIQUITINATION AT LYS-14 AND LYS-16 BY RNF168.
RX PubMed=22980979; DOI=10.1016/j.cell.2012.08.005;
RA Mattiroli F., Vissers J.H., van Dijk W.J., Ikpa P., Citterio E.,
RA Vermeulen W., Marteijn J.A., Sixma T.K.;
RT "RNF168 ubiquitinates K13-15 on H2A/H2AX to drive DNA Damage
RT signaling.";
RL Cell 150:1182-1195(2012).
RN [15]
RP UBIQUITINATION AT LYS-14 AND LYS-16 BY RNF168.
RX PubMed=22713238; DOI=10.4161/cc.20919;
RA Gatti M., Pinato S., Maspero E., Soffientini P., Polo S., Penengo L.;
RT "A novel ubiquitin mark at the N-terminal tail of histone H2As
RT targeted by RNF168 ubiquitin ligase.";
RL Cell Cycle 11:2538-2544(2012).
RN [16]
RP PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-121.
RX PubMed=24140421; DOI=10.1016/j.molcel.2013.09.017;
RA Kim K., Kim J.M., Kim J.S., Choi J., Lee Y.S., Neamati N., Song J.S.,
RA Heo K., An W.;
RT "VprBP has intrinsic kinase activity targeting histone H2A and
RT represses gene transcription.";
RL Mol. Cell 0:0-0(2013).
RN [17]
RP VARIANT [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] THR-53.
RX PubMed=16959974; DOI=10.1126/science.1133427;
RA Sjoeblom T., Jones S., Wood L.D., Parsons D.W., Lin J., Barber T.D.,
RA Mandelker D., Leary R.J., Ptak J., Silliman N., Szabo S.,
RA Buckhaults P., Farrell C., Meeh P., Markowitz S.D., Willis J.,
RA Dawson D., Willson J.K.V., Gazdar A.F., Hartigan J., Wu L., Liu C.,
RA Parmigiani G., Park B.H., Bachman K.E., Papadopoulos N.,
RA Vogelstein B., Kinzler K.W., Velculescu V.E.;
RT "The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal
RT cancers.";
RL Science 314:268-274(2006).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and
CC compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the
CC cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones
CC thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA
CC repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA
CC accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational
CC modifications of histones, also called histone code, and
CC nucleosome remodeling.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two
CC molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4
CC heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps
CC approximately 147 bp of DNA.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. Chromosome.
CC -!- PTM: Monoubiquitination of Lys-120 (H2AK119Ub) by RING1 and
CC RNF2/RING2 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic
CC transcriptional repression and participates in X chromosome
CC inactivation of female mammals. It is involved in the initiation
CC of both imprinted and random X inactivation. Ubiquitinated H2A is
CC enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Ubiquitination of H2A
CC functions downstream of methylation of 'Lys-27' of histone H3
CC (H3K27me). H2AK119Ub by RNF2/RING2 can also be induced by
CC ultraviolet and may be involved in DNA repair. Following DNA
CC double-strand breaks (DSBs), it is ubiquitinated through 'Lys-63'
CC linkage of ubiquitin moieties by the E2 ligase UBE2N and the E3
CC ligases RNF8 and RNF168, leading to the recruitment of repair
CC proteins to sites of DNA damage. Ubiquitination at Lys-14 and Lys-
CC 16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) in response to DNA damage
CC is initiated by RNF168 that mediates monoubiquitination at these 2
CC sites, and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin are then conjugated to
CC monoubiquitin; RNF8 is able to extend 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin
CC chains in vitro. H2AK119Ub and ionizing radiation-induced 'Lys-
CC 63'-linked ubiquitination (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub) are distinct
CC events.
CC -!- PTM: Phosphorylation on Ser-2 (H2AS1ph) is enhanced during
CC mitosis. Phosphorylation on Ser-2 by RPS6KA5/MSK1 directly
CC represses transcription. Acetylation of H3 inhibits Ser-2
CC phosphorylation by RPS6KA5/MSK1. Phosphorylation at Thr-121
CC (H2AT120ph) by VPRBP is present in the regulatory region of many
CC tumor suppresor genes and down-regulates their transcription.
CC -!- PTM: Deiminated on Arg-4 in granulocytes upon calcium entry.
CC -!- PTM: Symmetric dimethylation on Arg-4 by the PRDM1/PRMT5 complex
CC may play a crucial role in the germ-cell lineage (By similarity).
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
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DR EMBL; AY131972; AAN59958.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AL591493; CAI12570.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_778235.1; NM_175065.2.
DR UniGene; Hs.664173; -.
DR ProteinModelPortal; Q8IUE6; -.
DR SMR; Q8IUE6; 14-119.
DR IntAct; Q8IUE6; 3.
DR MINT; MINT-2809410; -.
DR STRING; 9606.ENSP00000332790; -.
DR PhosphoSite; Q8IUE6; -.
DR DMDM; 74750623; -.
DR PaxDb; Q8IUE6; -.
DR PeptideAtlas; Q8IUE6; -.
DR PRIDE; Q8IUE6; -.
DR DNASU; 317772; -.
DR Ensembl; ENST00000331128; ENSP00000332790; ENSG00000184270.
DR Ensembl; ENST00000579360; ENSP00000462774; ENSG00000263965.
DR GeneID; 317772; -.
DR KEGG; hsa:317772; -.
DR UCSC; uc001ete.3; human.
DR CTD; 317772; -.
DR GeneCards; GC01M149861; -.
DR HGNC; HGNC:20508; HIST2H2AB.
DR HPA; HPA041189; -.
DR MIM; 615014; gene.
DR neXtProt; NX_Q8IUE6; -.
DR PharmGKB; PA134884141; -.
DR eggNOG; COG5262; -.
DR HOGENOM; HOG000234652; -.
DR HOVERGEN; HBG009342; -.
DR InParanoid; Q8IUE6; -.
DR KO; K11251; -.
DR OMA; HINWSIN; -.
DR OrthoDB; EOG7M0NTR; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q8IUE6; -.
DR GeneWiki; HIST2H2AB; -.
DR GenomeRNAi; 317772; -.
DR NextBio; 96429; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q8IUE6; -.
DR Bgee; Q8IUE6; -.
DR CleanEx; HS_HIST2H2AB; -.
DR Genevestigator; Q8IUE6; -.
DR GO; GO:0000786; C:nucleosome; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0003677; F:DNA binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0006334; P:nucleosome assembly; IEA:InterPro.
DR Gene3D; 1.10.20.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR009072; Histone-fold.
DR InterPro; IPR007125; Histone_core_D.
DR InterPro; IPR002119; Histone_H2A.
DR Pfam; PF00125; Histone; 1.
DR PRINTS; PR00620; HISTONEH2A.
DR SMART; SM00414; H2A; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF47113; SSF47113; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00046; HISTONE_H2A; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Acetylation; Chromosome; Citrullination; Complete proteome;
KW DNA-binding; Isopeptide bond; Methylation; Nucleosome core; Nucleus;
KW Phosphoprotein; Polymorphism; Reference proteome; Ubl conjugation.
FT INIT_MET 1 1 Removed.
FT CHAIN 2 130 Histone H2A type 2-B.
FT /FTId=PRO_0000227505.
FT MOD_RES 2 2 N-acetylserine.
FT MOD_RES 2 2 Phosphoserine; by RPS6KA5.
FT MOD_RES 4 4 Citrulline.
FT MOD_RES 6 6 N6-acetyllysine (By similarity).
FT MOD_RES 121 121 Phosphothreonine; by VPRBP.
FT CROSSLNK 14 14 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly)
FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin).
FT CROSSLNK 16 16 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly)
FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin).
FT CROSSLNK 120 120 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly)
FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin).
FT VARIANT 53 53 A -> T (in a breast cancer sample;
FT somatic mutation).
FT /FTId=VAR_035802.
FT MUTAGEN 2 2 S->A: Blocks the inhibition of
FT transcription by RPS6KA5/MSK1.
SQ SEQUENCE 130 AA; 13995 MW; 87932FEA853F5E93 CRC64;
MSGRGKQGGK ARAKAKSRSS RAGLQFPVGR VHRLLRKGNY AERVGAGAPV YLAAVLEYLT
AEILELAGNA ARDNKKTRII PRHLQLAVRN DEELNKLLGG VTIAQGGVLP NIQAVLLPKK
TESHKPGKNK
//
ID H2A2B_HUMAN Reviewed; 130 AA.
AC Q8IUE6;
DT 07-MAR-2006, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
read moreDT 23-JAN-2007, sequence version 3.
DT 22-JAN-2014, entry version 97.
DE RecName: Full=Histone H2A type 2-B;
GN Name=HIST2H2AB;
OS Homo sapiens (Human).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
OC Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
OC Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
OX NCBI_TaxID=9606;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=12408966; DOI=10.1016/S0888-7543(02)96850-3;
RA Marzluff W.F., Gongidi P., Woods K.R., Jin J., Maltais L.J.;
RT "The human and mouse replication-dependent histone genes.";
RL Genomics 80:487-498(2002).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=16710414; DOI=10.1038/nature04727;
RA Gregory S.G., Barlow K.F., McLay K.E., Kaul R., Swarbreck D.,
RA Dunham A., Scott C.E., Howe K.L., Woodfine K., Spencer C.C.A.,
RA Jones M.C., Gillson C., Searle S., Zhou Y., Kokocinski F.,
RA McDonald L., Evans R., Phillips K., Atkinson A., Cooper R., Jones C.,
RA Hall R.E., Andrews T.D., Lloyd C., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P.,
RA Ambrose K.D., Anderson F., Andrew R.W., Ashwell R.I.S., Aubin K.,
RA Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J., Beasley H., Bethel G.,
RA Bird C.P., Bray-Allen S., Brown J.Y., Brown A.J., Buckley D.,
RA Burton J., Bye J., Carder C., Chapman J.C., Clark S.Y., Clarke G.,
RA Clee C., Cobley V., Collier R.E., Corby N., Coville G.J., Davies J.,
RA Deadman R., Dunn M., Earthrowl M., Ellington A.G., Errington H.,
RA Frankish A., Frankland J., French L., Garner P., Garnett J., Gay L.,
RA Ghori M.R.J., Gibson R., Gilby L.M., Gillett W., Glithero R.J.,
RA Grafham D.V., Griffiths C., Griffiths-Jones S., Grocock R.,
RA Hammond S., Harrison E.S.I., Hart E., Haugen E., Heath P.D.,
RA Holmes S., Holt K., Howden P.J., Hunt A.R., Hunt S.E., Hunter G.,
RA Isherwood J., James R., Johnson C., Johnson D., Joy A., Kay M.,
RA Kershaw J.K., Kibukawa M., Kimberley A.M., King A., Knights A.J.,
RA Lad H., Laird G., Lawlor S., Leongamornlert D.A., Lloyd D.M.,
RA Loveland J., Lovell J., Lush M.J., Lyne R., Martin S.,
RA Mashreghi-Mohammadi M., Matthews L., Matthews N.S.W., McLaren S.,
RA Milne S., Mistry S., Moore M.J.F., Nickerson T., O'Dell C.N.,
RA Oliver K., Palmeiri A., Palmer S.A., Parker A., Patel D., Pearce A.V.,
RA Peck A.I., Pelan S., Phelps K., Phillimore B.J., Plumb R., Rajan J.,
RA Raymond C., Rouse G., Saenphimmachak C., Sehra H.K., Sheridan E.,
RA Shownkeen R., Sims S., Skuce C.D., Smith M., Steward C.,
RA Subramanian S., Sycamore N., Tracey A., Tromans A., Van Helmond Z.,
RA Wall M., Wallis J.M., White S., Whitehead S.L., Wilkinson J.E.,
RA Willey D.L., Williams H., Wilming L., Wray P.W., Wu Z., Coulson A.,
RA Vaudin M., Sulston J.E., Durbin R.M., Hubbard T., Wooster R.,
RA Dunham I., Carter N.P., McVean G., Ross M.T., Harrow J., Olson M.V.,
RA Beck S., Rogers J., Bentley D.R.;
RT "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.";
RL Nature 441:315-321(2006).
RN [3]
RP PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-121.
RX PubMed=15078818; DOI=10.1101/gad.1184604;
RA Aihara H., Nakagawa T., Yasui K., Ohta T., Hirose S., Dhomae N.,
RA Takio K., Kaneko M., Takeshima Y., Muramatsu M., Ito T.;
RT "Nucleosomal histone kinase-1 phosphorylates H2A Thr 119 during
RT mitosis in the early Drosophila embryo.";
RL Genes Dev. 18:877-888(2004).
RN [4]
RP PHOSPHORYLATION AT SER-2, AND MUTAGENESIS OF SER-2.
RX PubMed=15010469; DOI=10.1074/jbc.M400099200;
RA Zhang Y., Griffin K., Mondal N., Parvin J.D.;
RT "Phosphorylation of histone H2A inhibits transcription on chromatin
RT templates.";
RL J. Biol. Chem. 279:21866-21872(2004).
RN [5]
RP UBIQUITINATION AT LYS-120.
RX PubMed=15386022; DOI=10.1038/nature02985;
RA Wang H., Wang L., Erdjument-Bromage H., Vidal M., Tempst P.,
RA Jones R.S., Zhang Y.;
RT "Role of histone H2A ubiquitination in Polycomb silencing.";
RL Nature 431:873-878(2004).
RN [6]
RP ACETYLATION AT SER-2, CITRULLINATION AT ARG-4, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY.
RX PubMed=15823041; DOI=10.1021/bi047505c;
RA Hagiwara T., Hidaka Y., Yamada M.;
RT "Deimination of histone H2A and H4 at arginine 3 in HL-60
RT granulocytes.";
RL Biochemistry 44:5827-5834(2005).
RN [7]
RP UBIQUITINATION AT LYS-120.
RX PubMed=16359901; DOI=10.1016/j.molcel.2005.12.002;
RA Cao R., Tsukada Y., Zhang Y.;
RT "Role of Bmi-1 and Ring1A in H2A ubiquitylation and Hox gene
RT silencing.";
RL Mol. Cell 20:845-854(2005).
RN [8]
RP UBIQUITINATION AT LYS-120.
RX PubMed=16702407; DOI=10.1101/gad.373706;
RA Bergink S., Salomons F.A., Hoogstraten D., Groothuis T.A.M.,
RA de Waard H., Wu J., Yuan L., Citterio E., Houtsmuller A.B.,
RA Neefjes J., Hoeijmakers J.H.J., Vermeulen W., Dantuma N.P.;
RT "DNA damage triggers nucleotide excision repair-dependent
RT monoubiquitylation of histone H2A.";
RL Genes Dev. 20:1343-1352(2006).
RN [9]
RP UBIQUITINATION.
RX PubMed=18001824; DOI=10.1016/j.cell.2007.09.040;
RA Mailand N., Bekker-Jensen S., Faustrup H., Melander F., Bartek J.,
RA Lukas C., Lukas J.;
RT "RNF8 ubiquitylates histones at DNA double-strand breaks and promotes
RT assembly of repair proteins.";
RL Cell 131:887-900(2007).
RN [10]
RP UBIQUITINATION.
RX PubMed=18001825; DOI=10.1016/j.cell.2007.09.041;
RA Huen M.S.Y., Grant R., Manke I., Minn K., Yu X., Yaffe M.B., Chen J.;
RT "RNF8 transduces the DNA-damage signal via histone ubiquitylation and
RT checkpoint protein assembly.";
RL Cell 131:901-914(2007).
RN [11]
RP UBIQUITINATION.
RX PubMed=19203578; DOI=10.1016/j.cell.2008.12.042;
RA Stewart G.S., Panier S., Townsend K., Al-Hakim A.K., Kolas N.K.,
RA Miller E.S., Nakada S., Ylanko J., Olivarius S., Mendez M.,
RA Oldreive C., Wildenhain J., Tagliaferro A., Pelletier L.,
RA Taubenheim N., Durandy A., Byrd P.J., Stankovic T., Taylor A.M.R.,
RA Durocher D.;
RT "The RIDDLE syndrome protein mediates a ubiquitin-dependent signaling
RT cascade at sites of DNA damage.";
RL Cell 136:420-434(2009).
RN [12]
RP UBIQUITINATION.
RX PubMed=19203579; DOI=10.1016/j.cell.2008.12.041;
RA Doil C., Mailand N., Bekker-Jensen S., Menard P., Larsen D.H.,
RA Pepperkok R., Ellenberg J., Panier S., Durocher D., Bartek J.,
RA Lukas J., Lukas C.;
RT "RNF168 binds and amplifies ubiquitin conjugates on damaged
RT chromosomes to allow accumulation of repair proteins.";
RL Cell 136:435-446(2009).
RN [13]
RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS].
RX PubMed=21269460; DOI=10.1186/1752-0509-5-17;
RA Burkard T.R., Planyavsky M., Kaupe I., Breitwieser F.P.,
RA Buerckstuemmer T., Bennett K.L., Superti-Furga G., Colinge J.;
RT "Initial characterization of the human central proteome.";
RL BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17-17(2011).
RN [14]
RP UBIQUITINATION AT LYS-14 AND LYS-16 BY RNF168.
RX PubMed=22980979; DOI=10.1016/j.cell.2012.08.005;
RA Mattiroli F., Vissers J.H., van Dijk W.J., Ikpa P., Citterio E.,
RA Vermeulen W., Marteijn J.A., Sixma T.K.;
RT "RNF168 ubiquitinates K13-15 on H2A/H2AX to drive DNA Damage
RT signaling.";
RL Cell 150:1182-1195(2012).
RN [15]
RP UBIQUITINATION AT LYS-14 AND LYS-16 BY RNF168.
RX PubMed=22713238; DOI=10.4161/cc.20919;
RA Gatti M., Pinato S., Maspero E., Soffientini P., Polo S., Penengo L.;
RT "A novel ubiquitin mark at the N-terminal tail of histone H2As
RT targeted by RNF168 ubiquitin ligase.";
RL Cell Cycle 11:2538-2544(2012).
RN [16]
RP PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-121.
RX PubMed=24140421; DOI=10.1016/j.molcel.2013.09.017;
RA Kim K., Kim J.M., Kim J.S., Choi J., Lee Y.S., Neamati N., Song J.S.,
RA Heo K., An W.;
RT "VprBP has intrinsic kinase activity targeting histone H2A and
RT represses gene transcription.";
RL Mol. Cell 0:0-0(2013).
RN [17]
RP VARIANT [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] THR-53.
RX PubMed=16959974; DOI=10.1126/science.1133427;
RA Sjoeblom T., Jones S., Wood L.D., Parsons D.W., Lin J., Barber T.D.,
RA Mandelker D., Leary R.J., Ptak J., Silliman N., Szabo S.,
RA Buckhaults P., Farrell C., Meeh P., Markowitz S.D., Willis J.,
RA Dawson D., Willson J.K.V., Gazdar A.F., Hartigan J., Wu L., Liu C.,
RA Parmigiani G., Park B.H., Bachman K.E., Papadopoulos N.,
RA Vogelstein B., Kinzler K.W., Velculescu V.E.;
RT "The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal
RT cancers.";
RL Science 314:268-274(2006).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and
CC compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the
CC cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones
CC thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA
CC repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA
CC accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational
CC modifications of histones, also called histone code, and
CC nucleosome remodeling.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two
CC molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4
CC heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps
CC approximately 147 bp of DNA.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. Chromosome.
CC -!- PTM: Monoubiquitination of Lys-120 (H2AK119Ub) by RING1 and
CC RNF2/RING2 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic
CC transcriptional repression and participates in X chromosome
CC inactivation of female mammals. It is involved in the initiation
CC of both imprinted and random X inactivation. Ubiquitinated H2A is
CC enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Ubiquitination of H2A
CC functions downstream of methylation of 'Lys-27' of histone H3
CC (H3K27me). H2AK119Ub by RNF2/RING2 can also be induced by
CC ultraviolet and may be involved in DNA repair. Following DNA
CC double-strand breaks (DSBs), it is ubiquitinated through 'Lys-63'
CC linkage of ubiquitin moieties by the E2 ligase UBE2N and the E3
CC ligases RNF8 and RNF168, leading to the recruitment of repair
CC proteins to sites of DNA damage. Ubiquitination at Lys-14 and Lys-
CC 16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) in response to DNA damage
CC is initiated by RNF168 that mediates monoubiquitination at these 2
CC sites, and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin are then conjugated to
CC monoubiquitin; RNF8 is able to extend 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin
CC chains in vitro. H2AK119Ub and ionizing radiation-induced 'Lys-
CC 63'-linked ubiquitination (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub) are distinct
CC events.
CC -!- PTM: Phosphorylation on Ser-2 (H2AS1ph) is enhanced during
CC mitosis. Phosphorylation on Ser-2 by RPS6KA5/MSK1 directly
CC represses transcription. Acetylation of H3 inhibits Ser-2
CC phosphorylation by RPS6KA5/MSK1. Phosphorylation at Thr-121
CC (H2AT120ph) by VPRBP is present in the regulatory region of many
CC tumor suppresor genes and down-regulates their transcription.
CC -!- PTM: Deiminated on Arg-4 in granulocytes upon calcium entry.
CC -!- PTM: Symmetric dimethylation on Arg-4 by the PRDM1/PRMT5 complex
CC may play a crucial role in the germ-cell lineage (By similarity).
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
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DR EMBL; AY131972; AAN59958.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AL591493; CAI12570.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_778235.1; NM_175065.2.
DR UniGene; Hs.664173; -.
DR ProteinModelPortal; Q8IUE6; -.
DR SMR; Q8IUE6; 14-119.
DR IntAct; Q8IUE6; 3.
DR MINT; MINT-2809410; -.
DR STRING; 9606.ENSP00000332790; -.
DR PhosphoSite; Q8IUE6; -.
DR DMDM; 74750623; -.
DR PaxDb; Q8IUE6; -.
DR PeptideAtlas; Q8IUE6; -.
DR PRIDE; Q8IUE6; -.
DR DNASU; 317772; -.
DR Ensembl; ENST00000331128; ENSP00000332790; ENSG00000184270.
DR Ensembl; ENST00000579360; ENSP00000462774; ENSG00000263965.
DR GeneID; 317772; -.
DR KEGG; hsa:317772; -.
DR UCSC; uc001ete.3; human.
DR CTD; 317772; -.
DR GeneCards; GC01M149861; -.
DR HGNC; HGNC:20508; HIST2H2AB.
DR HPA; HPA041189; -.
DR MIM; 615014; gene.
DR neXtProt; NX_Q8IUE6; -.
DR PharmGKB; PA134884141; -.
DR eggNOG; COG5262; -.
DR HOGENOM; HOG000234652; -.
DR HOVERGEN; HBG009342; -.
DR InParanoid; Q8IUE6; -.
DR KO; K11251; -.
DR OMA; HINWSIN; -.
DR OrthoDB; EOG7M0NTR; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q8IUE6; -.
DR GeneWiki; HIST2H2AB; -.
DR GenomeRNAi; 317772; -.
DR NextBio; 96429; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q8IUE6; -.
DR Bgee; Q8IUE6; -.
DR CleanEx; HS_HIST2H2AB; -.
DR Genevestigator; Q8IUE6; -.
DR GO; GO:0000786; C:nucleosome; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0003677; F:DNA binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0006334; P:nucleosome assembly; IEA:InterPro.
DR Gene3D; 1.10.20.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR009072; Histone-fold.
DR InterPro; IPR007125; Histone_core_D.
DR InterPro; IPR002119; Histone_H2A.
DR Pfam; PF00125; Histone; 1.
DR PRINTS; PR00620; HISTONEH2A.
DR SMART; SM00414; H2A; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF47113; SSF47113; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00046; HISTONE_H2A; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Acetylation; Chromosome; Citrullination; Complete proteome;
KW DNA-binding; Isopeptide bond; Methylation; Nucleosome core; Nucleus;
KW Phosphoprotein; Polymorphism; Reference proteome; Ubl conjugation.
FT INIT_MET 1 1 Removed.
FT CHAIN 2 130 Histone H2A type 2-B.
FT /FTId=PRO_0000227505.
FT MOD_RES 2 2 N-acetylserine.
FT MOD_RES 2 2 Phosphoserine; by RPS6KA5.
FT MOD_RES 4 4 Citrulline.
FT MOD_RES 6 6 N6-acetyllysine (By similarity).
FT MOD_RES 121 121 Phosphothreonine; by VPRBP.
FT CROSSLNK 14 14 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly)
FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin).
FT CROSSLNK 16 16 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly)
FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin).
FT CROSSLNK 120 120 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly)
FT (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin).
FT VARIANT 53 53 A -> T (in a breast cancer sample;
FT somatic mutation).
FT /FTId=VAR_035802.
FT MUTAGEN 2 2 S->A: Blocks the inhibition of
FT transcription by RPS6KA5/MSK1.
SQ SEQUENCE 130 AA; 13995 MW; 87932FEA853F5E93 CRC64;
MSGRGKQGGK ARAKAKSRSS RAGLQFPVGR VHRLLRKGNY AERVGAGAPV YLAAVLEYLT
AEILELAGNA ARDNKKTRII PRHLQLAVRN DEELNKLLGG VTIAQGGVLP NIQAVLLPKK
TESHKPGKNK
//
MIM
615014
*RECORD*
*FIELD* NO
615014
*FIELD* TI
*615014 HISTONE GENE CLUSTER 2, H2A HISTONE FAMILY, MEMBER B; HIST2H2AB
;;HISTONE GENE CLUSTER 2, H2AB;;
read moreHIST2 CLUSTER, H2AB
*FIELD* TX
For background information on histones, histone gene clusters, and the
H2A histone family, see HIST1H2AA (613499).
CLONING
By genomic sequence analysis, Marzluff et al. (2002) identified the
human HIST2H2AB gene.
MAPPING
By genomic sequence analysis, Marzluff et al. (2002) determined that the
histone gene cluster on chromosome 1q21, which they called histone gene
cluster-2 (HIST2), contains 6 histone genes, including HIST2H2AB.
GENE FUNCTION
See HIST1H2AA (613499) for functional information on H2A histones.
*FIELD* RF
1. Marzluff, W. F.; Gongidi, P.; Woods, K. R.; Jin, J.; Maltais, L.
J.: The human and mouse replication-dependent histone genes. Genomics 80:
487-498, 2002.
*FIELD* CD
Matthew B. Gross: 1/11/2013
*FIELD* ED
mgross: 01/11/2013
*RECORD*
*FIELD* NO
615014
*FIELD* TI
*615014 HISTONE GENE CLUSTER 2, H2A HISTONE FAMILY, MEMBER B; HIST2H2AB
;;HISTONE GENE CLUSTER 2, H2AB;;
read moreHIST2 CLUSTER, H2AB
*FIELD* TX
For background information on histones, histone gene clusters, and the
H2A histone family, see HIST1H2AA (613499).
CLONING
By genomic sequence analysis, Marzluff et al. (2002) identified the
human HIST2H2AB gene.
MAPPING
By genomic sequence analysis, Marzluff et al. (2002) determined that the
histone gene cluster on chromosome 1q21, which they called histone gene
cluster-2 (HIST2), contains 6 histone genes, including HIST2H2AB.
GENE FUNCTION
See HIST1H2AA (613499) for functional information on H2A histones.
*FIELD* RF
1. Marzluff, W. F.; Gongidi, P.; Woods, K. R.; Jin, J.; Maltais, L.
J.: The human and mouse replication-dependent histone genes. Genomics 80:
487-498, 2002.
*FIELD* CD
Matthew B. Gross: 1/11/2013
*FIELD* ED
mgross: 01/11/2013